Volcano Eruption

 Krakatoa

 

Where is it? 

• Rakata Island, Indonesia

When did it last erupt?

• 2020, started in 1883

Damage it has done?

• Krakatoa has done a lot of damage to the places and people around it. 

• In 1833 Krakatoa first erupted. Ash fell on Singapore, Cocos Island, and ships as far as 6067 km west-northwest. Darkness covered the Sunda Straits from 11 a.m on the 27th until the next day. At least 36,417 people were killed, most people died from giant sea waves, and coastal villages were destroyed. When the eruption ended, only ⅓ of Krakatau remained above sea level and new islands formed from the magma spewing out of the volcano

• It had destroyed and formed lands while also causing havoc for residents and other countries.

How and when was it formed?

• Since Krakatoa lies along the Indian-Australian and Eurasian tectonic plates its how it was formed. Because the two tectonic plates are dangerous at risk of high volcanic and seismic activity it's pretty common that one was made. It supposedly started/formed in 400 BC. 

Interesting random facts?

• the first eruption lasted one minute and 12 seconds 

• The 1883 eruption was the loudest sounds ever reported in the history

•  Records held that 165 villages and towns surrounding Kratatoa were destroyed and 132 more were seriously damaged 

• Karatoa had killed 30.000+ people

• in August 1883 was one of the most deadly  colacine eruptions in modern history, it is estimated that more than 36.00 people died. the eruption aslp affected the climate and caused temperature to drop over the world.

• Karatoa belongs to the ring of fire 

• 
  

Pictures + Videos

• 
  

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NGcbNn4Vk1w

Today in science we had the opportunity to erupt our volcano. I didn't originally research about this volcano, when we first started this topic, hence why the volcano isn't Mt Tarawera. There is a video of the eruption but that will be added in to this blog poster late because we are still waiting for it to be sent.

How we made it to erupt: 

15ml of warm water

25ml of hydrogen peroxide

2 spatulas of potassium iodine into the warm water and stir.

Hydrogen peroxide food coloring and soap into the bottle that sits inside the volcano.

Warm water and potassium iodine is then added with the Hydrogen peroxide and soap which is how elephant toothpaste is made. 

Volcano Research

Mount Tarawera / Okataina Volcanic Centre

This is a volcano that is located in the North Island of NZ. It is 24 kilometre southeast of Rotorua. It is a very unusual volcano, with several large domes and a broad flat top.

The last known eruption of Mount Tarawera was on the 10th of June 1886, This eruption was six hours long and left a massive destruction. 

The explosion destroyed a few villages, and wiped out the silica hot springs known as today as Pink and White Terraces. It killed up to 100+ people, who were mostly people of Maori decent.

It was formed by volcanic activity hundred of years ago. The inhabits who live near Mt Tarawera  which were Maori and Europeans had no clue that it was active volcano. It is one of the worst known eruptions in the whole of New Zealand and was one of the larger.

One of the legends blames the eruption on the people of Te Ariki village who had eaten forbidden honey.  Those in the village that ate the honey were killed, while people in nearby villages who did not eat it were allowed to live. The other myth involving Mount Tarawera is  A man-eating demon named Tamaohoi who once lived on t\Mount Tarawera. He was imprisoned on the mountain by Ngatoro. he slept and slept for many centuries. Under the influence of the white man, the morals of the local people declined until there was a call for Tamaohoi. He exploded from the mountain and seeked out the need to kill many people in the village/s

 

TWTWB chapters 21

 Tomorrow, When The War Began

 

Ch 21:

1. Adrenaline was overtaking 

2. With the tanker that was driven under the bridge and filled with gasoline so that when it was ready to be ignited it would blow up the bridge 

3.When they went forward with doing the tanker explosion under the bridge they were faced with many many risks for e.g: Being shot in 200 meters of open space, the tanker not starting, and not being able to exit the tanker. This explosion compared to the Lawn Mower bomb was much more different and didn't have near as much risk.

Ch 22:

4.Kevin cares more about Corrie now because there gotten close with each other but were as if this was to take place when they weren't being invaded he would of most likely told her to go on her own. Moral of the Story Kevin Is all Heart over Head, and isn't thinking about the pack numbers.

Epilogue

5. One of the many main concerns is that her books could be found in placed into the wrongs hands, this is worrying to her because if this war goes on for longer and her books a found there hiding spot would be found and mostly likely be flooded with soldiers  

6.They could most likely be caught and then sent to the showgrounds, but Corrie could be separated from Kevin and be taken to the hospital to be treated. This might lead to them not being able to re-group again because then they would be on the soldiers radar. 

Commercial piece

 Kilt making...

So far in textiles we have made a start on making a piece of clothing. As you may already know I'm making a kilt, this a type of long skirt that was more made in a symbolism of honor to the Scottish people and there clans. The materials I am making it out of is a navy blue cotton drill, this material is a dense weave like fabric. During the process we have trace out our things onto paper to cut them. These will be used as our stencils that we'll later be using to trace around onto our fabric. Once we have finished cutting it out we will be over locking it on an over locker machine before we officially sew it together.

TWTWB-Workshop 2

In today's workshop we wrote another paragraph but this time about challenges the character faces

In Tomorrow when the War Began, an important character is Ellie. One of the challenges she faced was blowing up the bridge. It is a challenge because they didn’t know about all the things which could have gone wrong, there are a lot of risks involved like being shot, being blown up.n being seen or captured by the enemy. This challenge helped me understand Ellie because her actions and planning showed she had matured over the story, she was  brave because she had to run through gunfire. The plan with the truck shows she is not afraid to go out on a limb and hope for the best and will act to save her friends and country. As the reader I was amazed by her courage as it would be a very scary experience. 

Know you place

 Know your place

In Social Studies we have been learning how to use a prezi to show our learning. A prezi is a type of presentation site the makes our learning easier in a way, Over the past week or so we have been working hard on this website to showcase people that we have learned a little bit about where we come from & were we live aka Christchurch/Greater Canterbury. In this prezi you'll see info about my mare,my iwi and somethings about my school. There would have been more things added on about me but I didn't have time to complete all the slides.

Prezi

Something I found interesting about this research was that our country/area is way more prettier than it looks and sounds. 

TWTWB-Character Paragraph

This link right here is a link to the document I have been doing today

A key moment for Ellie, in Tomorrow when the War began, is when she had the idea to turn a lawn mower into an explosive bomb. This moment is key for her as a character because it would be her first time creating such a dangerous thing. This has resulted in her killing the soldiers and having to live with the trauma of killing people on her shoulders. In Chapter seven, Ellie and two of her friends are hiding from the invaders. At this moment she is very much scared that her and her friends are going to get caught. Ellie thinks quickly to develop a plan to protect her friends and escape from the soldiers by using the lawnmower as a bomb by putting a rag in the gas-tank and lighting it. This shows the reader that Ellie is brave,smart and capable of leadership. A quote that shows Ellie’s courage is on pg 90  “for the first time I saw their faces and struck the match”. This shows that Ellie’s actions saved their lives in a life and death situation. This is a moment that's gonna be with Ellie from majority of her life

TWTWB chapters 17-20

 Tomorrow, When The War Began

This is the work ill be completing this week

Link to the slide show

Answers to the Questions above

Ch 17:

1- Because it wasn't such a unnecessary souvenir that Chris should have brought brought into hell especially at this time and situation there in, and not to mention if these kids had taken this drugs they would have committed are under-aged drinking & the use other drug substance. Which if they did it just adds to there long list of many laws the group had already broken/committed.

2- The 3 solider who were hit by the lawn-mower, only two of them had to been thought to have actually died, but the other 1-3 people were believed to have just been ran over and not so dead.

3- The soldiers are hoping  there invasion will go nice and smoothly as they planned it hence why they called it a "Clean war". They are trying to do this so that the bigger countries like America for example don't find out they've been invading small towns and so they don't send there troops over to help fight back against the soldiers.

4- Well I think they soldiers are doing so that the town still looks like its been habitable by civilians and to make it not look as if the town has been attacked in anyway. 

Ch 19:

5-The walked in an orderly formations, they had uniforms & prepared guns on the side of there side

6-Making plans on how to approach them properly, be caring about how they should travel & act when a solider is near

Ch 20:

7-Cause she knows that at the end of the day shes not going to be a hero, because all the practical things that will be happening Ellie already does in her day to day basis, hence why she feels like being paired with Fi will make her a hero

8-I guess true courage is when your scared but still committee to doing it

9- Truck didn't start right away, and that they we a little be scared it would get stuck under the bridge and explode with them still inside the tanker

And that's a wrap on these chapter yeah

Marshmallow Catapult shooter

Marshmallow Catapult shooter

Aim:To make a marshmallow shooter and work out what forces are acting on it.

Equipment: Paper cup, Scissors, Balloons, Marshmallows

Method:

1. Cut out the bottom of the cup.
2. Cut off the neck of the balloon.
3. Stretch the open end of the balloon over the bottom of the cup.
4. Place marshmallow in cup.
5. Pull balloon back to fire marshmallow.

Results:

Discussion:

forces acting on marshmallow

Gravity ↓  Support ↑  Friction ←  Thrust→

When the marshmallow was in the cup all the forces (the ones named above) were even as it wasn't moving. As soon as we released the marshmallow from the cup the forced that was more greater used was thrust because the marshmallow sped up, Then when it come back toward the ground gravity was for sure 

the greater used force

Conclusion:

This experiment worked out really well, some groups taped there balloon to the cup making it more stable to aim and shoot this should be added in next time. Moral of the story It was actually quite a fun experiment especially because shooting the marshmallows around the class was like so much fun.....

Commercial Patterns

For the last few weeks the year 10s of textiles having been working toward completing a commercial pattern. Commercial patterns have picture and description on the back telling there are different sizes, material needed and list of things for clothing

Ww where given the option to design a skirt, hoodie and shorts. I have chosen to make a skirt more specifically a kilt, for those of you who don't know what a kilt is just a long skirt that is designed to keep us warm during the winter time, it crosses over and ties. 

 

With this template we traced the outline of a size and cut it out. This project is still on going as where are still waiting for our materials to come

English-TWTWB

 Tomorrow, when the war began

By John Marsden

The other day in English we had be given set task to create what we thought the settings/scene would like like in each of the chapters. Above is what Me and my partner thought its looked like. Down below is a little description that tells you what is going to happen or about to happen in each box.

Lawyer Paragraph

Are students addicted to their cellphones? If so, is that a problem

Yes! Student’s are very addicted to their phones. In this paragraph I am trying to prove the negative and positive sides of mobile phones and the addictions the happen with this device. This addiction is a worldwide problem that occurs due to us spending most of the days on our phones, trying to present ourselves in a certain way to satisfy the needs of others & too get liked. While our mobile phones are a very productive and helpful device there is always a negative & positive side. Some negative effects of mobile phones are that they can be used in criminal activity and many other things. these devices can interfere and distract us from our school,work and sometimes even our relationships. But a positive is they help out so much in our every day lives and makes it easier for us to contact relatives and friends. 

Information

Key evidence/information you want to include.

1. Time spent on phone

2. Positive effects

3. Negative effects

Delivery

Best paragraph structure to convey all this is

Lawyer

Technology

Tech Poster

Technology has been improved so much throughout the many years of its existence. It’s helped the way people have carried out their everyday life. Technology matters to us peoples/individuals for many reasons. Some reasons are communicating, learning, and to help get jobs applications. It also supports and determines how we interact with each other. With the establishments of mobile phones we can use these device to call for emergency, contact our friends & family and to also to take same picture. With the manufacturing of a oven we can now make plenty of foods that wont necessarily burn easily over and old school fire stove & another example of a technology that has help improve our lives is modern cars these have help us so much with travelling and transport. These 3 examples show us how technology is used has and how its help improved our lives.

street art

Symbols

Symbolism's that are present in the Hunger Games, just below are some paragraphs that I have written about some symbolic moments that take place In the Hunger games. Tributes from all 12 districts are selected to play in the Hunger games, were they are to fight/kill each other in order to win.  

Essay planning

Describe at least one way that a character or individual changed in the text. Explain how this change was important to the text as a whole.

Katniss Everdeen

-emotionally and physically stronger

-more powerful and popular- everyone knows who she is now

-Beginning-Caring for her sister,shy,quite, strength in hunting/archery, shows caring and selfless the she volunteers for Prim in the reaping, values family

-Middle- when she enters the Hunger Games- determined, cautious, runs away and hides, smart, doesn't kill unless she has too, still see she is caring and looks after others, doesn't want to use her skills to hunt others, she watchers people die- her reaction are big, forms an alliance with Peeta which make them favorites and her popular in the Capitol,more cunning-no longer oblivious to the influence of the Capitol-we see when she forms alliance with Peeta

-End-angry,powerful-has power over the Capitol because she was going to end the games with no victor,intimidating

Theme link to-

Hope & Rebellion-states why following the Capitol rules but by the end she stops a rebels against them.

Rich vs Poor-not a good choice

Propaganda-she goes against the propaganda of the Capitol- they are fighting for glory,the Capitol is superior, the games are a good ting

Struggle for power-in the games she was powerless, eventually she gains the power through rebellion

Thesis Statement

In Gary Ross's film, The Hunger Games, one way that Katniss changed was by gaining power and influence in the Capitol. This is shown through her Struggles with the theme of hope & rebellion

Paragraph 1- Describe her at the beginning in detail- clothes,make-up,family,values,characteristics

Sentence linking to theme-has no hope at start

Paragraph 2- Describe the change at the middle in detail, link to the theme.

Hunger Games

Workshop 5

How does Music enhance the story?

Chords

Major- Upbeat, happy music tone

Minor- Sad tone

Tempo

Fast- Energetic, Intense, gain interest

Slow- Bored, Lazy, Lethargic

Dynamics

Loud- Energy, Intense, rising action

Quite- Background, make you focus/listen, builds tension

Diagetic Sound- Sounds that happen naturally e.g footsteps

Non-Diagetic Sound- Sound added to a scene-music

Minor, slow, quite

                                                                                                                                                                   

What Scene? 

Opening scene

Techniques- 

minor chords, 

made you feel tired, 

slow tempo, 

gained volume builds intensity, 

non-diagetic sound

Audience feel-

Sad scene, 

foreshadowing, 

interested

Directors purpose-

Build emotion/ atmosphere

                                                                                                                                                                   

What Scene? 
The reaping, music starts as Katniss walks to the stage

Techniques- 
Minor chord, 
Slow tempo, 
Dynamics-gains volume, then drops, then builds


Audience feel-
Emotional, eery, 
ominous, 
melancholic

Directors purpose-
Foreshadowing sadness, 
Katniss has just volunteered, will most likely be eliminated
Lets us feel Katniss emotions on personal level.
                                                                                                                                                                   
What Scene? 
Rues death- She is killed, Katniss prepares her body- surrounded by flower, Solutes to the TV camera

Techniques- 
minor chords, 
slow to medium tempo, 
Dynamics- builds to forte with Katniss's emotions

Audience feel-
Katniss's grief, sorrow, misery, anger at the unfair death of her friend

Directors purpose-
make us feel Katniss's emotions
more intense than if we heard her scream, makes us notice more
uses music to tell us the pain she feels
                                                                                                                                                                   

Film studys

Hunger games

Good Character	Bad characters
Katniss I think Katniss is a good character because she very sympathetic towards some of the other tributes and toward Peeta	President snow He’s got everyone in the Capitol thinking the Hunger Games isn’t a bad thing and that it’s a time to celebrate
Peeta Protects Katniss over anything	Cato & Clove Hunt down the other tributes to kill them
Rue she took care of Katniss when she was stung by those bees	Seneca He tries to kill Katniss by making fire and giant dogs appear in the arena
Haymitch Gives some helpful tips to the tributes from his district which help them gets sponsors	Peacekeepers Use their authority to their advantage
Thresh He had the option to kill Katniss but instead he didn’t

Hunger games

Workshop 3 
How are costumes used to enhance the story?

Whats happening?
Reaping tributes selected to compete in the hunger games, best dressed

Describe Costumes-
Light colours, neutral tone, old fashioned, single
Boys- Dress shirt, pants or shorts ) Formal/ Sunday best
Girls- Hair tidy, dresses or skirts )
Colours- Cold, Clean, faded-washed and worn a lot
Older clothes mended

Effect on viewer- Think/feel
Think they are poor because clothes are outdated (Peacekeepers/ Effie in new clean outfits)
Think it is a bad living (emotionless, all the colour has been drained)

Director Purpose-
Shows the compassion/ juxtaposition of the district & the Capitol
Shows theme 'Rich vs Poor' because district doesn't have areas to resources like new clothes 

Other techniques-
Make up
Style = Status
Effie eye lashes are long + pink and her face is white.
The district has no make-up, no access or need for it


Whats happening?
Scene 2- in the Capitol Katniss & Peeta just getting off the train, have never been there before

Describe Costumes-
Bright, colourful, neon, extravagant, vibrant, over sized.
Look expensive and more fancy than casual
Over the top-excessive, more than needed to be practical
Head piece to match, wigs
Both genders over the top outfits/wigs/make up

Effect on viewer- Think/feel
Thinks the are rich as- Have more than us
Fashion is shooting/scary to viewers- in your face
Show us how shocked/ different things are for Katniss & Peeta


Director Purpose-
Again shows us theme 'Rich vs Poor"
The peoples in the Capitol live in extreme luxury compared to the poverty of district 12
People in the Capitol have everything
Make-up - over the top- caked on so we know they have lots of it
Men and woman wear it


Other techniques-Settings
Concrete, Metal, Glass, Clean, Crisp, Futuristic, Technologically advanced

Whats happening?
In the Arena of the Hunger Games

Describe Costumes-
Practical- suitable for fighting
Jackets, Boots, Shirt, Long pants
Colours that will match surroundings- helps them hide
Tells us about the arena climate
Not going far as not much

Effect on viewer-Think/feel
Feels like they are dressed for war/hunting (all dressed in same uniform)
All looks the same, everyone has the same advantage
Makes us less emotionally attached to individuals

Director Purpose- 'Rich vs Poor'
Everyone is finally equal so personal skill being important
Struggle for power- Tributes out under the power of the Capitol, They have to freedom/free will at this point



Other techniques-

SEXXXY paragraph

S) In the reaping scene, costume is used effectively to show the theme 'Rich vs Poor'.
E) For example, the potential tributes are dressed in formal shirts,skirts & trousers. Their clothes are well-worn,weathered and dull.
X) This makes us understand the people in District 12  are poor because their best clothes are old and faded compared to the Capitol representative Effie Trinket.
X) This is done to show the juxtaposition between the extreme wealth of the Capitol and the poverty of those in District 12
X) This worked well with the use of make-up as shown by Effie. She has lots of make-up on including long pink eyelashes, and a extremely white foundation and pink and gold lips. This tells the viewer that she is wealthy because she can afford extravagant make-up when those in the  district can barely afford clothes.
Y) This aspect can be compared to the scene where the tributes arrive off the the train in the Capitol. Here we see Luxury and excess wealth in the costumes of thee Capitol citizens compared to the rags worn by Peeta and Katniss. 

Metal & Acids

Testing for Hydrogen Gas

The other day in science we done and experiment testing for hydrogen gas.

Aim:To show that hydrogen gas is produced when a metal reacts with acid.

Equipment:A test tube, a boiling tube, Bunsen burner, wooden splint, a bottle of acid, a piece of metal, safety glasses

Method:

1.Light Bunsen burner

2.Add you sample of metal to your test tube. Add 2 mL of acid.

3.Carefully invert the boiling tube above the test tube containing the metal and acid.

4.Hold the test tubes together for a few minuets,

5.When you think the tube is full, your lab partner should light a wooden splint

6.Carefully, but quickly,tilt the boiling tube full of gas upwards and insert the burning splint into the mouth of the tube

Observation:

The gas gets collected into the big test tube, we then put the burning splint into the test tube. As you put the splint in you'll here a noise come from it. which is quite loud and deafening

Metals and Oxygen

Making a Metal Oxide

 For the past few weeks in science we have been learning about metallurgy. Today we done experiment on burning magnesium.

Aim:To make metal oxide and observe the difference in properties of the products compared to the reactants

Equipment: A piece of magnesium, Bunsen burner, Safety glasses, metal scissor tongs.

Method:

1.Light your Bunsen burner.

2.Hold you piece of magnesium in the scissor tongs. Ensure you are holding onto the very tip of the magnesium

3.Place the other end of the magnesium into the Bunsen Flame ( at the top of the blue flame)

4.When the magnesium begins to burn, do not look directly at it, as the light emitted can permanently damage your eyes

Observation

As the magnesium piece caught on fire and burn a little bit, we waited and watched as an luminous glow was coming from it. The bright light we formed was Magnesium + oxygen -----> magnesium oxide which was what made that bright eye hurting light

Overall this was a beast as experiment and I enjoyed doing it

Hunger Games-Characters

Characters

Katniss
Tough- had to mature faster after here dads death
Emotionless well hidden
Protective of the people she loves
Impulsive- Volunteering for Prim
Caring- Flowers around Rue'e body
Rebellious- sneaks out of District
Introverted- Not very good at making friends.

Peeta-
Soft- bad or good?
Crying when he leaves
Kind-Giving the bread to Katniss
Gullible
Smarter than he looked
Physically Strong
Socially persuasive-Likable
Artistic, Creative, Cake decorating

Haymitch-
Alcoholic- Trauma, Stress
Feels like a pawn
Depressed
Smart, Reliable, surprised at his tributes ability
Smart because he understands that the HG is a TV show
Brutally honest, aggressive
Witty,Cunning
Agile- when Peeta tries to get his drink


Effie-
Enthusiastic
Calm about the HG- Her Job
Oblivious of the reality 
Status citizens- focus on 'manners'

Acid & Base

Acid Rain

Aim-To make acid rain

Equipment- Petri dish, Weigh boat, Universal indicator, Bromothynol blue, Calcium carbonate, Petal, Blue litmus, Apple, Sodium sulfate, Sulfuric acid.

Method-

1.Gather all the equipment together.

2.Get the Petri dish and place the weigh boat into the center

3.Now place the Universal indicator, Bromothynol blue, Calcium carbonate, Petal, Blue litmus, 4.Apple around the outside of the petri dish

5.Put in a spatula of sodium sulfate & a few drops of sulfuric acid into the weigh boat.

6.Then quickly close it up with the lid and wait for them to change  

Observation- Before it was added the sodium sulfate & the sulfuric acid, we took note on what this products before & after effect was. The effect on this products was they changed colour and texture

What substance	Before	After
Universal indicator (liquid)	Light Green	Red
Bromothymol blue (liquid)	Dark Blue	Yellow
Calcium carbonate (powder)	White Powder	Nude Chalky texture
Petal	Green	The edges turned a little red
Blue litmus (paper)	Blue	Pinky/red colour
Apple	Juicy yellow apple	Loss of moisture, went dry

Discussion-

-These products such a Universal indicator, changed to a Red/pink colour meaning that it was and acid based product, 

-Bromothynol blue was a dark blue colour but after the acid rain it changed to a vibrant yellow therefore it was an acid 

-Calcium carbonate this substances is netheir and acid of base product.

-Only the edges of the petal changed are colour which was a pinky/red but it int no acid or base

-Blue litmus paper started of as blue obviously but the after the acid rain encounter its changed to a red therefore it is an acid

Apple had a different reaction than the rest of this substances so it neither and acid or base cause there was no colour changed involved

Conclusion

This experiment was very interesting to do. I really enjoyed being able to watch these substance change colour and textures. Acid Rain was and overall blast and I wouldnt change anything ong

Acid and Bases

Testing pH

Aim: To test the pH of a range of household chemicals

Equipment: A variety of household chemicals, spotting tile, red litmus paper, blue litmus paper, Universal indicator solution, safety glasses

Method: 
Add a few drops of each chemical to a spot on your spotting tile. If a substance is solid or powered you will need to mix it a few drops of water before testing it.

Test the chemical with litmus paper.

Test each chemical with a few drops of Universal Indicator

Results:

Chemical being tested	Colour in blue litmus	Colour in red litmus	Colour in Universal indicator
Vinegar	Turned Red	No change	A light red colour
Baking Soda	No change	Turned violet	A light blue colour
Fabric Softener	Turned Light red	Changed to a dark red	A orange colour
Spray & Wipe	Turned Light blue	Changed to a dark blue	A green colour

Chemical being tested	Acid or base?	Evidence from investigation
Vinegar	Acid- vinegar is an acid because when you add universal indicator it turns to a red	Turned Red
Baking Soda	Base- This is a base because when its added to the universal indicator it turns a blue and on the pH scale that's a base colour	Turned Blue
Fabric Softener	Acid-is an acid because when you add universal indicator it turns to a a pasific colour	Turned a red-ish orange
Spray & Wipe	Neutral- Its a colour that stays in the middle meaning its green	Green